Abstrakt:
The study focuses on the relationship between theistic and atheistic paradigms of thought. The aim of the study is to look into the internal structure and finality of atheism as a humanistic concept of human liberation, on which modern Western civilization is built and by a non-confrontational method, and to confront it in a dialogue with the Christian humanist concept. The partial aim is to grasp and capture the phenomenon of “constitutive transcendence”, which is identical to both humanistic concepts, despite their mutual, often seemingly, diametrical difference. The research results uncover the mutual connections and links of atheistic concepts with the Christian concept of human liberation, reveal and define the common roots of all these building blocks of modern civilization, discover and evaluate their mutual contribution in relation to the understanding of individual and social freedom. The study contributes to the search for a common language within society, which we call Western civilization, to contribute to the definition of its roots and identity, and also to create a precondition for the mutual dialogue of individual philosophical and theological schools. The discovery and naming of the phenomenon of "constitutive transcendence" can contribute to the mutual understanding of different social aspirations and their mutual toleration and understanding.
