The Vertical Structure of Neolithic Finds in the Fills of Archaeological Features

Abstract

This article examines the distribution of Neolithic finds in the fillings of features with different functions (settlement pits, rondel ditches, enclosure) in the Bylany 4 microarea, Kutná Hora district, Czech Republic. We investigate the nature of their extinction or the emergence of fills. The vertical structure of archaeological finds (pottery and non-pottery) deposited in the sediments of various features was monitored in terms of five attributes. Based on the different structures of the fills of archaeological features, it is evident that the structure of the horizontal or vertical distribution of findings in their fills can yield information about the creation of the finding assemblages. It also reflects the dynamics of the development of anthropogenic activities in the vicinity of the features. In terms of methodology, the work follows up on the general theory of formative processes, while their natural and cultural transformations are discussed at a more detailed level of specific forms. It is necessary to consistently distinguish between the behaviour of clay sediments and the actual artefacts stored therein. It is further necessary to individually evaluate the specific natural conditions of deposition at a specific site as well as the variable cultural roles of individual features.