A Flexible Management Strategy for the Optimal Integration of Renewable Energy Resources

Abstract

In this study, an adaptive management strategy for optimal integration of renewable energy resources with IEEE-69 bus distribution network (DN) is presented. The first layer takes into account coordination between the sources and utility grid in order to optimize their profit in proposed markets, according to limitations of renewable sources. In order to minimize energy losses and CO2 emissions, a second section of this work tackled issue of integrating and operating batteries with varying technical features in grid-connected networks (GCNs). The target function is energy management strategy and lowering operating costs, including those related to generation, load curtailment, and BESS. Also, the goal of this study is to ensure that system's operational constraints, including voltage limits, are met by using the BESSs that were obtained by optimization process. With the implementation of the suggested method, it is notable that the IEEE 69-Bus system saves cost reduction (%) as follows: rat swarm optimizer (RSO) 56.02%, IPOA 52.27%, PSO 69.37%, GA 39.30%, GWO 55.80%, DE 48.88%, WOA 41.64%, HHO 40.78%, SSA 37.62%, ALO 99.70%, HBA 73.24%, MVO 53.61%, and AOA 75.89%. Whereas, it is notable that the IEEE 69-Bus system saves loss reduction (%) as follows: RSO 0.45%, IPOA 0.36%, PSO 0.05%, GA 0.11%, GWO 0.05%, DE 0.79%, WOA 0.59%, HHO 0.03%, SSA 0.83%, ALO 0.29%, HBA 0.07%, MVO 0.15%, and AOA 0.26%; and, it is notable that the IEEE 69-Bus system saves voltage deviation reduction (%) as follows: RSO 0.46%, IPOA 0.35%, PSO 0.20%, GA 0.11%, GWO 0.05%, DE 0.75%, WOA 0.44%, HHO 0.02%, SSA 0.72%, ALO 0.24%, HBA 0.17%, MVO 0.11%, and AOA 0.22%. Whereas, it is notable that the IEEE 69-Bus system saves emission reduction (%) as follows: RSO 56.02%, IPOA 52.27%, PSO 69.37%, GA 39.30%, GWO 55.80%, DE 48.88%, WOA 41.64%, HHO 40.78%, SSA 37.62%, ALO 99.70%, HBA 73.24%, MVO 53.61%, and AOA 75.89%.